The "China Energy Development Report 2023" released by the General Institute of Electric Power Planning and Design in Beijing on August 31 shows that my country's energy consumption is still showing a rigid growth trend, and the low-carbon transformation of energy is steadily advancing.
Rao Jianye, deputy director (in charge) of the Clean Energy Research Institute of the General Institute of Electric Power, said that my country's energy supply capacity has been significantly enhanced. In 2022, the total primary energy production will reach 4.66 billion tons of standard coal, a year-on-year increase of 9.2%. New breakthroughs have been made in non-fossil energy power generation. In 2022, the installed capacity of non-fossil energy power generation will reach 1.27 billion kilowatts, accounting for 49.6%. The new installed capacity of wind power and photovoltaics exceeded 120 million kilowatts, and the power generation exceeded 1 trillion kilowatt-hours for the first time. Energy storage and transportation infrastructure has been further improved, power transmission channels have been continuously improved, oil and gas storage and transportation facilities have been continuously strengthened, and the scale of new energy storage and pumped storage has reached new heights.
The report shows that my country's energy consumption is still showing a rigid growth trend. In 2022, my country's total energy consumption will reach 5.41 billion tons of standard coal, a year-on-year increase of 2.9%. The average energy consumption elasticity coefficient in the first two years of the "14th Five-Year Plan" is 0.74, which is on the rise compared with the "12th Five-Year Plan" and "13th Five-Year Plan". . my country's low-carbon energy transformation is steadily advancing, and the proportion of non-fossil energy consumption has increased to 17.5%. Coal played a role in ensuring energy supply, and the proportion of consumption rose to 56.2%. The work of energy conservation and carbon reduction in key areas continues to advance. In 2022, the energy consumption intensity per unit of GDP will decrease by 0.1%, and the carbon emission intensity will decrease by 0.8%. Energy conservation and carbon reduction in industry, construction, transportation and other fields will accelerate.
Rao Jianye said that my country's energy technology innovation capabilities continue to improve, and technologies such as large-capacity offshore wind turbines, sea breeze non-desalination hydrogen production, supercritical CO2 power generation technology, tidal power generation, and underwater oil and gas are accelerating iterative upgrades. Major innovation projects continued to advance. The Baihetan Hydropower Station was fully put into operation to generate electricity. The world's largest "Shagehuang" wind power photovoltaic base project started construction in the Kubuqi Desert. Projects such as Shengli Oilfield's million-ton CCUS were put into operation.
The "Energy Report" shows that my country's energy consumption is still showing a rigid growth trend. In 2022, my country's total energy consumption will reach 5.41 billion tons of standard coal, a year-on-year increase of 2.9%. The average energy consumption elasticity coefficient in the first two years of the "14th Five-Year Plan" is 0.74, which is on the rise compared with the "12th Five-Year Plan" and "13th Five-Year Plan". . my country's low-carbon energy transformation is steadily advancing, with the proportion of non-fossil energy consumption increasing to 17.5%, and the proportion of oil and natural gas consumption falling to 17.9% and 8.4% respectively. Coal played a role in ensuring energy supply, and the proportion of consumption rose to 56.2%. The work of energy conservation and carbon reduction in key areas continues to advance. In 2022, the energy consumption intensity per unit of GDP will decrease by 0.1%, and the carbon emission intensity will decrease by 0.8%. Energy conservation and carbon reduction in industry, construction, transportation and other fields will accelerate.
Comparison of Energy Consumption Structure in 2021 and 2022
Rao Jianye said that my country's energy technology innovation capabilities continue to improve, and technologies such as large-capacity offshore wind turbines, sea breeze non-desalination hydrogen production, supercritical CO2 power generation technology, tidal power generation, and underwater oil and gas are accelerating iterative upgrades. Major innovation projects continued to advance. The Baihetan Hydropower Station was fully put into operation to generate electricity. The world's largest "Shagehuang" wind power photovoltaic base project started construction in the Kubuqi Desert. Projects such as Shengli Oilfield's million-ton CCUS were put into operation.
Liu Qiang, vice president (in charge) of the Electric Power Development Research Institute of the Electric Power Research Institute, said that my country's power supply guarantee capabilities have been further enhanced. By the end of 2022, the total installed capacity of power generation in the country will reach 2.56 billion kilowatts, a year-on-year increase of 7.8%; the national power generation capacity will be 8.7 trillion kilowatt-hours, a year-on-year increase of 3.6%; The pace of green and low-carbon transformation of electric power has been accelerated. In 2022, the new non-fossil energy power generation installed capacity will be about 150 million kilowatts, accounting for 83.0% of the total new installed capacity; the new non-fossil energy power generation capacity will be about 250 billion kWh, accounting for 84.0% of the total new power generation capacity.
Installed capacity and power generation of various power sources nationwide in 2022 (100 million kW, trillion kWh)
The "Electric Power Report" shows that my country's electricity demand has grown steadily. In 2022, the electricity consumption of the whole society in my country will reach 8.6 trillion kWh, a year-on-year increase of 3.6%. The structure of electricity consumption will continue to be optimized, and the trend of shifting electricity consumption from the secondary industry to the tertiary industry and residential electricity will be maintained. In the next three years, the country's electricity demand will continue to maintain rigid growth. It is estimated that the electricity consumption of the whole society will reach 9.8 trillion to 10.2 trillion kWh in 2025.
Liu Qiang said that the flexibility of my country's power system continues to improve. In the first two years of the "14th Five-Year Plan", the total transformation scale of coal power "three reforms and linkages" exceeded 485 million kilowatts, completing 81% of the planned target. By the end of 2022, the installed capacity of pumped storage will reach 45.79 million kilowatts, and the cumulative scale of new energy storage will be about 8.7 million kilowatts. The problem of new energy consumption continued to improve, and the national wind power and photovoltaic utilization rates reached 96.8% and 98.3%. In the next three years, around the construction of a new power system, it is necessary to coordinate and optimize the layout of various power sources such as conventional hydropower, pumped storage, wind power, solar power, nuclear power, and coal power.
Focusing on the construction of new power systems, the "Electric Power Report" puts forward research and judgment in six aspects:
1. The new power system should be innovated and upgraded on the existing power system. my country's power system has gradually developed into a power system with the world's largest transmission capacity, highest transmission voltage level, multi-regional grid AC and DC hybrid connection, and a complete power industry system has been built simultaneously. Building a new type of power system is a complex and arduous system engineering, which requires overall planning of path layout, scientific deployment, and orderly advancement.
2. The level of safe and reliable replacement of new energy needs to be improved urgently. At present, new energy is developed on a large scale, but the reliable capacity provided in actual operation does not exceed 5%, and most of them cannot provide the moment of inertia, and a reliable alternative has not yet been formed. In order to achieve the reliable substitution requirements of power substitution + capacity substitution + safe and stable substitution, it is necessary to actively apply "traditional technology + new technology (window power prediction technology, integrated control technology, new energy storage, load control technology, etc.)" to explore various Implement the pattern.
3. Promote the high-quality development of pumped storage with a systematic concept. The construction cycle of pumped storage is long, and it is necessary to combine system requirements and site resources, adhere to the system concept, coordinate and optimize the development scale and construction sequence of pumped storage, coordinate the coordinated development of regional and provincial pumped storage layouts, and coordinate pumped storage and new energy storage Optimal allocation of other regulatory resources, rational layout, scientific and orderly development and construction.
4. The development of Shagehuang base should ensure the "trinity". In order to ensure the high-quality development and consumption of new energy in Shagohuang areas, the development of large-scale wind and solar bases should use systematic thinking to coordinate and optimize the scale, layout and timing of the three elements of wind power and photovoltaic bases, regulation capabilities, and delivery channels.
5. The large-scale development of offshore wind power needs to adhere to the overall planning of land and sea. my country's offshore wind power is mainly deployed in the eastern coastal load centers. Large-scale development and construction will help increase the proportion of non-fossil energy consumption in coastal provinces and regions. It is necessary to adhere to the overall planning of land and sea and integrated planning. Offshore wind power will play an important role in the transformation of my country's new power system.
6. The national unified power market system needs to be built in coordination. The construction of a unified national power market system is facing a new situation under the development needs of changes in the operating characteristics of the new power system, the rapid development of new energy sources, the urgent need for coordination of multiple contradictions, the security of power supply, and the effective connection of multiple markets. The construction of a unified national electricity market system is of great significance.